When the hands and fingers are sore, this means the body is signaling about joint disease or internal pathology. Often, patients try to solve the problem on their own, unaware of the danger of becoming disabled in a short amount of time. Information on why pain in the finger joints is indicated, and what to do, is useful for those who have already felt the first symptoms of the disease, whose closest relatives are suffering from joint pathology.
cause
There are several diseases associated with pain and inflammation of the hands. This includes:
Gouty arthritis
The disease manifests itself over 20 years. The thumb is the first to be exposed to the inflammatory process. There is a paroxysmal course of joint inflammation. Attacks usually begin at night. Joint pain is acute. The skin over the affected joint turns red. Fingers become hot and difficult to bend. Inflammation lasts a maximum of 10 days. The attack may disappear suddenly, without treatment, but will soon reappear.
Polyosteoarthritis
People over the age of 40 get sick: men - less often than women. A hallmark of the disease is Heberden's nodules, when nodules begin to form, swelling and redness in the joints, burning, sharp pain are observed, in some patients nodules are formed without symptoms. With polyosteroarthrosis, the formation of nodules on the joints in the middle of the finger is also observed. Bouchard nodules are spindle -shaped, almost painless, and characterized by slow growth.
Rheumatoid arthritis
The onset of the disease is indicated by inflammation of the joints of the index and middle fingers. Along with the metacarpophalangeal joint, the wrist joint becomes inflamed, swollen, sore. The joints in the fingers feel sore especially in the morning. Rheumatoid arthritis is accompanied by weakness, joint pain, and fever.
The development of rheumatoid arthritis is observed after stress, hypothermia, infection.
Psoriatic arthritis
Pathology develops in patients with psoriasis. With pathology, joint pain, swelling were noted. Pathology has another name - "sausage" finger. At the same time, all joints and finger joints become inflamed. In rare cases, the joints on both hands become inflamed, but on different fingers.
Tenosynovit de Quervain
Inflammation only affects the thumb. The pain is caused by the load when trying to extend it towards the elbow. Sometimes fingers hurt for no apparent reason.
Rhizarthrosis
Rare pathology. Rhizarthrosis is a form of chronic arthrosis. Localization was noted at the base of the thumb. The disease leads to deformation of cartilage tissue. The thumb bone is deformed, limiting the movement of the inflamed joint.
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Pathology is indicated by symptoms:
- Pain is felt on the inside of the thumb.
- The index finger hurts.
- There is numbness on the skin of the palms.
- Decreased hand motor skills.
Without treatment, nerves lose the ability to function, leading to disability.
Raynaud's disease
The cause of this disease is a decrease in capillary tone. It manifests itself with symptoms: numbness, pale skin of the hands, vasodilation, as a result of which the fingers become red. Sometimes there is a bluish color, acute pain, edema. The pathology is characterized by persistent freezing of the hands, which in the last stages of development becomes bluish or black. Trophic ulcers are often observed.
Trauma
Pain in the hands most often occurs with bruises and sprains. Hand bruises are indicated by the following symptoms: swelling, blue discoloration or redness of the bruise site, severe pain when trying to move the finger, the formation of hematomas, pathological mobility of the injured finger.
Sprained ligaments of the fingers are more common with sharp movements of the joints, which is observed in athletes, people who are too mobile, and children.
Tendinitis
The disease affects a person who constantly performs monotonous movements (sewing, typing, playing the piano). The cramps of "writing" appear with daily stress when typing. Painful syndrome is observed in people suffering from cervical osteochondrosis. Wrist pain is especially felt at night. Painful sensations are often accompanied by sounds similar to crunchy.
Tingling, numbness in the fingers is indicated in a person making small movements with his hands. The emergence of finger flicking syndrome is facilitated by repetitive excessive tension of the hand. Crooked fingers are difficult to straighten; if you use force to extend, a clicking sound is heard.
Pain sensation with internal pathology
Often, pain in the hands and fingers for reasons unrelated to joint disease. People with pathology are at risk. Cardiac ischemia. With myocardial infarction, the onset of the attack often coincides with pain and tingling in the left hand. diabetes. Pathology brings the hand to a more sensitive state due to circulatory disorders.
Often, a painful, numb sensation is observed in pregnant women. The following changes lead to swelling and pain in the finger joints during pregnancy: increased amount of the hormone relaxin, calcium deficiency, violation of the median nerve, depression.
Important!Heredity, freezing of the hands, frequent immersion in cold water, decreased immunity contribute to pathological changes in the hands.
Pain in the finger of the right hand
Several fingers ache at the same time. Half of the painful manifestations occur on the ring finger and little finger, and one -third on the index finger and thumb. If pain is felt in all the fingers of the right hand, the problem is vascular. Pain in the index finger and thumb indicates pathology of the spine. If the index finger, ring finger and thumb are sore at the same time, this indicates radial nerve disease. Simultaneous pain in the little finger and ring finger indicates the presence of a foraminal hernia.
The finger on the left hand hurts
If the pain occurs on all the fingers of the left hand only, the problem is sought in the vessel. The thumb, forefinger and ring finger are sore - the radial or middle nerves are affected, the index and thumb are pathologies of the spine. Pain in the little finger and ring finger is manifested by foraminal hernias C5-C6. The middle finger joint is sore with a C4-C5 foraminal hernia.
Which specialist to choose
For whatever reason the hand is sore, a visit to the doctor is mandatory. For post -traumatic pain, you will need to make an appointment with a traumatologist. If the joints become inflamed, swelling appears, a rheumatologist will help. When the cause of the pain is not clear, you should consult a cardiologist and endocrinologist.
Diagnostics
It is possible to diagnose pathology using the following hardware studies:
- Radiography. The painless procedure makes it possible to examine the bone tissue. The results of the research were recorded on film in 3 projections.
- CT. The study was conducted with X-rays. The results obtained after computer processing are a series of cross -sectional images.
- Electrospondylography. Reveals the presence of abnormalities in the part of the spine responsible for hand function. Pathology is detected at an early stage of development.
- MRI. Diagnosis is carried out using electromagnetic radiation. As a result of the study, longitudinal and transverse sectional images were obtained.
The X-ray method is considered the most informative for bone tissue pathology.
Laboratory methods
To diagnose articular pathology, studies were conducted:
- General urine analysis. It is possible to identify further forms of bone inflammation.
- General blood analysis. Studies determined the presence of leukocytosis and anemia.
- Biochemical blood tests. Determine the increased presence of fibrinogen, sialic acid.
- Puncture. After a puncture in the affected joint, the fluid in it is taken for examination. This study was commissioned to accurately determine the cause of pathological development; carried out in rare cases.
- Biopsy. A piece of skin tissue is taken for microscopic examination. Using that method, lupus erythematosus, scleroderma were detected.
Treatment
Hand pain is treated according to the cause. For the severity of arthritis, NSAIDs are used. For a normal supply of food from the blood to the joints, the use of vasodilators is necessary. For local therapy, ointments and gels are used. Good results are obtained in the treatment of arthritis with ultrasound, electrophoresis, and acupuncture.
In osteoarthritis, central analgesics are prescribed to relieve patients of acute pain. In addition to relieving pain, medications have anti-inflammatory effects. In some cases, chondroprotectors are taken continuously. In the treatment of osteoarthritis, laser treatment is successfully used. Significant relief is obtained using physiotherapeutic procedures: massage, mud therapy.
With gout, medications are indicated to normalize purine exchange in the body. Analgesics are prescribed to relieve pain. Most important is a diet that limits the consumption of meat, fish, and alcohol products. Rheumatoid arthritis cannot be cured, but it is possible to slow down the process of joint destruction by using anti-inflammatory drugs, physiotherapy, and surgical methods. Acupuncture and massage also work well.
For the treatment of tunnel syndrome, a comfortable working environment should be created, taking into account the correct hand position. For a painful sensation, compresses are made from a decoction of chamomile.
Surgical methods
If conservative treatment is not effective, the joint is replaced with a surgical method. Indications for surgical intervention are:
- Injury with tendon detachment from the point of attachment to the nail phalanx.
- Arthritis of the hands.
- Broken and cracked.
- Deep cut.
- Malignant neoplasm of the hand.
How to cure according to folk recipes
Effective folk recipes for dealing with pain in the hands:
- Recipe number 1. Aloe ointment. Take 20 g of chopped fresh aloe vera leaves, add 5 g of dry mustard. Mix, simmer for 8-10 minutes, until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Transfer to a dish without access to light. The brush joints are lubricated in the morning and evening until improvement can be seen.
- Recipe number 2. Colored bird cherry. 50 g of bird cherry skin pour 200 ml of vodka. Insist 10 days without access to light. Apply the brush 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.
- Recipe number 3. Bathe with calendula. One teaspoon of dried calendula flowers is poured with 200 ml of boiling water. The broth is prepared for 15 minutes. over low heat. The treatment procedure is continued - 20 minutes. The course of treatment is 10 procedures.
- Recipe number 4. Drink from dandelion root. So, 1 tablespoon of dandelion root is poured into 200 ml of boiling water. Simmer for 20 minutes. Drink 1 tablespoon 15 minutes before meals for 14 days.
- Recipe number 5. Three tablespoons of sea salt are heated in the microwave. Wrapped in a gauze bandage, applied to the joints, kept for 30 minutes.
This procedure is performed daily for 20 days.
Helpful Tips
By following the doctor's recommendations, you can help the body significantly to reduce joint disease. If you experience swelling on the brush, remove the jewelry. In the event of an injury, it is necessary to ensure hand immobility and apply cold compresses. If the pain is due to energy, they must be excluded or significantly reduced. It is necessary to change jobs that require repetitive movements.
You should see a doctor immediately if you experience symptoms:
- Pain after trauma persists, stiffness of movement is observed, and it is difficult to bend the fingers.
- The brush turns red, there is heat in the skin area.
- Tingling sensation in the hands.
- The phalanx of the fingers hurts.
- Brush or fingers become numb.
It is advisable to exclude smoking, caffeine, which leads to narrowing of blood vessels, does not give the right amount of blood to the hands.
Prophylaxis
To avoid pain in the hands, you should:
- Include exercises to strengthen hand muscles in the morning exercise complex.
- If you need to do repetitive movements, you need to rest.
- Prolonged positions in positions that require a fixed position of the hand should be excluded.
- Avoid hand hypothermia.
Hand pain is caused by a variety of reasons. For pain relief, medications, physiotherapy, surgical methods, and folk recipes are used. To improve the quality of life, it is important to follow the doctor's recommendations.